Analysis of bearing material classification and performance requirements

As a key component in mechanical operation, the material selection of bearings directly affects its performance. The bearing materials used vary from one field to another. The following is a detailed analysis of the classification and performance requirements of commonly used bearing materials.

 

1. Metal materials

Bearing alloy: including tin matrix and lead matrix, with excellent comprehensive performance, suitable for high load conditions, but the price is higher.

Copper alloys: including tin bronze, aluminum bronze and lead bronze, suitable for working environments under different speed and load conditions.

 

Cast iron: suitable for light load, low speed conditions.

 

2. Porous metal materials

This material is sintered from different metal powders and is self-lubricating. It is suitable for smooth and shock-free loads and small to medium speed conditions.

 

3. Non-metallic materials

It mainly includes plastic, rubber and nylon, which has the characteristics of low coefficient of friction, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, but has a low bearing capacity and is easy to be deformed by heat.

 

Bearing material performance requirements:

Friction compatibility: Prevents adhesion and boundary lubrication, which is influenced by several factors, including composition, lubricants, and microstructure.

Embeddedness: Prevents hard particles from entering and causing scratches or abrasion.

Running-in: Reduces friction and wear rate by reducing machining errors and surface roughness parameter values.

Friction compliance: The elastoplastic deformation of the material compensates for poor initial fit and shaft flexibility.

 

Abrasion resistance: The ability to resist wear and tear.

Fatigue resistance: The ability to resist fatigue damage under cyclic loads.

Corrosion resistance: The ability to resist corrosion.

Cavitation resistance: The ability to resist cavitation wear.

Compressive strength: The ability to withstand one-way loads without deformation.

Dimensional stability: The ability to maintain dimensional accuracy over long-term use.

Anti-rust: It has good anti-rust performance.

Process performance: Adapt to the needs of multiple hot and cold processing processes, including formability, processability and heat treatment performance.

The above is a comprehensive analysis of the classification of commonly used bearing materials and their performance requirements.